The Shwedagon Paya is much more than just another temple. It is
cultural and religious heart of Myamar. Built on a small hill in central Yangon (Rangoon)
great golden dome rises almost 100m and dominates
city skyline. Rudyard Kipling was moved to call it “a golden mystery”. By day,
dome glitters like golden fire. Sunset plays a melody of shades with
monument that never fails enchant. At night,
complex is illuminated by thousands of strategically-placed spotlights. All Burmese are rightly proud of their national monument, and try to visit
site at least once in their lives.
Legend has it
main stupa (Buddhist monument in
shape of a dome) is 2,500 years old and is home to eight hairs of Buddha, although archaeological evidence suggests it was built by Mon rulers of
area around 1,000 – 1,400 years ago. Wars, earthquakes and other calamities have taken their toll on
Shwedagon and most of
present structure dates back to 1769.
The sacred dome is an enduring symbol of
resilience of Burmese – or Bamah – culture. After each setback, Shwedagon is rebuilt and restored to its former glory.
Getting there is easy, as
Shwedagon is just north of central Yangon and is easily
most popular tourist attraction in
city. Every taxi and motor rickshaw driver knows
way. The $5 entrance fee includes
use of a lift to
main floor of
complex, but there’s nothing to stop you following
footsteps of Buddhist worshippers and climbing
steps up Singuuttara Hill to
summit. You have four covered walkways to choose from in addition to lifts at
northern and southern entrances.
Visitors are allowed from dawn until early evening. English speaking monks often offer themselves as tour guides in return for a $5 donation.
Be advised that all visitors must remove shoes and socks while in
main complex. Marble flooring is very hot around noon and slippery after rainfall, but a mat pathway is provided around
main stupa.
As with all Buddhist monuments, visitors are expected to walk clockwise around
complex. While
golden stupa is
central feature of Shwedagon, it is not
only attraction. In
north-western corner is
23 tonne Maha Ganda bell which dates back to
1770s. After
first Anglo-Burmese War in 1825,
bell was seized by
British who intended to ship it to their homeland. The bell was dropped in
Yangon River and
British were unable to raise it. The Burmese were allowed to try their luck, and they placed logs and bamboo under
bell until it floated to
surface and was restored to its rightful place.
Just beside
Maha Ganda pavilion is a small stupa with a golden spire. Between
eight niches around its base are figures of animals and birds representing
directions of
compass and
associated sign and planet for each day of
week (Wednesday is divided into morning and afternoon.
This theme is also displayed on
main stupa. North is represented by Friday,
planet Venus and a guinea pig or mole. North-west is Wednesday afternoon, Yahu and a tuskless elephant. West is Thursday, Jupiter and a rat. South-west is Saturday, Saturn and a naga (dragon-like serpent). South is Wednesday morning, Mercury and a tusked elephant. South-east is Tuesday, Mars and a lion. East is Monday,
Moon and a tiger. North-east is Sunday,
Sun and a garuda (mythical winged beast like a dragon). Worshippers are supposed to pray at
site which represents
day on which they were born.