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So what if alcohol is suddenly removed from picture? In that case, brain's GABA has fewer locations on which it can act to put on brakes. As a consequence, brain's cells become unmanageably over-active, and symptoms of delirium tremens ensue.
DTs are a medical emergency requiring hospitalization, generally in an intensive care unit. The patient needs intravenous fluids, vitamins, nutrition, and correction of salt-and-water imbalances in bloodstream. Drugs known as benzodiazepines are usually administered to relieve over-excitation of brain cells. The medical team searches for complications, like infections or irregular heartbeats, that require other treatments. Medical personnel monitor patient frequently. Family and friends provide valuable assistance by keeping patient calm.
But in delirium tremens old adage applies—an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. The best case is one that doesn't happen. Of course, this doesn't mean that a patient with alcohol dependence should continue drinking. Rather, it means that professional help should be enlisted in order to withdraw from alcohol safely.
This begs question of who has alcohol dependence in first place. More than one set of yardsticks exist, but "CAGE" questionnaire provides a simple and effective screen in which letters of word correspond to each of four questions:
C – Have you ever felt you should CUT down on your drinking?
A – Have people ANNOYED you by criticizing your drinking?
G – Have you ever felt bad or GUILTY about your drinking?
E – Have you ever had a drink first thing in morning to steady your nerves or get rid of a hangover (EYE-opener)?
A "yes" answer to one of four questions raises possibility of alcohol dependence. A "yes" answer to two of questions makes alcohol dependence likely, and help should be requested.
(C) 2005 by Gary Cordingley
Gary Cordingley, MD, PhD, is a clinical neurologist, teacher and researcher who works in Athens, Ohio. For more health-related articles see his website at: http://www.cordingleyneurology.com