My buddy Mike Langlois joined me on a frozen Wisconsin River island above Tomahawk for our first winter camping trip. Starting out it was 35°F, so for gear we had summer sleeping bags and a canvas pup tent. What did we know? We were just 12. That night a norther’ blew in from
Arctic dropping temps into
minus digits. Had Mike and I geared for –30°, we could have slept all night rather than jogging inside flimsy sleeping bags trying to keep our blood solid. Luckily, this experience did not turn me off winter camping. But it did teach me a valuable lesson. First rule of winter camping: Plan for
coldest possible temperatures in your area. Whether it starts in October or ends in April, winter can be brutal. The most important thing about winter camping is planning. In
summer, make a mistake like getting wet and you can survive. But get soaked at 20°, and you’re in trouble.
Through trial, error and study, I’ve found camping at –10°F can be comfortable with
right gear. And what’s not to like about winter? No bugs and no need for food refrigeration – just
challenge of surviving
elements.
Second rule: Winter camping begins with a good night’s rest. Camping, as opposed to day-tripping, means sleeping outdoors. Proper gear and proper preparation dictates
difference between jogging in
bag or snoozing until sun-up.
I’ve now got a sleeping bag rated for –30°. The fill is synthetic – if it gets wet it will still provide some warmth, unlike goosedown. If there’s snow on
ground or in
forecast, that bag goes with me. No snow, and I can get along fine with my 20° bag.
Underneath me, I leave
snow. If there’s no snow, I gather up dry leaves or grass. Atop this goes a vapor barrier. I use two, one a large 8’x10’ plastic sheet and
other a 5’x7’ plastic/aluminized blanket.
These foil blankets, which can be purchased at most sporting goods stores or through outdoor catalogs, reflect warmth toward you and cold away from you. I generally take two and sometimes three of these foil blankets with me on every cold weather trip. Folding
foil blanket in half with one aluminum side down and
other up, I tuck my self-inflating camp mat (commonly known as a “Thermarest”) between
fold.
Third rule: To tent or not to tent? Your decision. Most any kind of tent will generally keep
winter camper 10 to 20 degrees warmer than going without one. They hold some body heat, prevent wind from stealing precious warmth and keep snow off bags and gear.
A number of manufacturers make four-season tents. They are pricier than summer tents because they are made out of stronger materials and have special air ventilation systems to prevent frost build-up.
If you plan to buy a winter tent, get
next size larger. So for two people, get
four-person model. You’ll need
extra space. Winter sleeping bags are bigger and you’re wearing more clothes.
With a sleeping bag to match conditions, however, tents are not necessary in
winter. My coldest trip of –40° was on a plastic mat with nothing but
stars above. Had it snowed we would have pulled a piece of nylon over
top of us.
Fourth rule: Liquid intake is critical in winter camping. It’s a white desert out there! Dry winter air saps internal water reserves – especially while cross-country skiing, fishing, or hiking. Drinking liquids will help keep you warm.
If your urine turns dark or if your body feels cold, you may not be drinking enough. Unless I am away from base camp, I keep hot water on
fire. Hot tea with a dried orange drink is my favorite refresher.
On expeditions away from camp, I carry water in either a wineskin-type bota or a plastic bottle. I place these under my jacket in a pocket or on a shoulder strap where body warmth will keep it from freezing.
Fifth rule: A good night’s rest depends on more than just a sleeping bag. In
sleeping bag before shut-eye, I eat a candy bar. The fat energy released keeps
body warmer and allows me to sleep better.
Take off all clothes except long johns and socks and put them in
bottom of your sleeping bag or stuff them in a sack and use for a pillow. Shove your leather boots and water bottle under your sleeping pad to keep them from freezing. I wear my mukluk or pac-boot liners to bed. Body warmth inside
bag will dry
felt.
Two twelve-hour chemical hand warmers placed in
sleeping bag before going to bed warm it up, and once I get in
bag, I move one to underneath my back and
other to my feet. I don a wool cap and wool gloves and zip myself in. Winter’s elements are now outside.
Sixth rule: The hardest thing about winter camping is getting out of bed. Mornings will generally be
coldest time of
day. Be it 10° or –20°, it’s hard to face
reality of leaving a warm nest. While still in
bag, I drink from my water bottle, eat another candy bar, stretch in place and start putting on all my clothes. When my hands get cold, I grab
hand warmers.
With a warm coat on, I swing from
bag and put on my boots. The night before, I readied a pile of wood for
first fire of
morning. I light it and enjoy my first cup of hot coffee or cocoa while preparing breakfast.
Seventh rule: Prepare nearly all your food at home and make twice as much as you normally eat. Regardless of how much I eat on winter trips I always lose weight.
Plan easy-to-fix foods in disposable lightweight containers. Aluminum foil makes cooking easy. At home, I’ll wrap ham-and-cheese bagels or bacon in foil to cook on
coals or over
grill. And for dinner, my favorite meal is bacon, meat, onions, green pepper and spices wrapped in foil.