Moissanite is a naturally occurring crystal which occurs in such small amounts and sizes as to be uncommercial. It was discovered in 1893 by Henri Moissan in a meteorite which had fallen to earth some 50000 years ago and landed in
Arizona desert. Dr Moissan started studying small fragments from this meteorite and made an astonishing discovery. Imbedded in it were tiny amounts of what looked like a new unknown jewel.
Although it occurs naturally on earth it is only in tiny quantities and commercially unviable.
Scientists could see its potential as a brilliant new jewelry stone and so set out to manufacture it in a lab. It's application as a jewel was immediately clear and so a new naturally occurring but also man made jewel was born. The process of making it is very new. It has only been commercially available in jewelry since 1998, so is only a few years old on
jewelry market.
It is exceedingly hard to make and
process to do so is kept very secret. It can only currently be made in reasonably small quantities.
There are a number of properties of jewels which are common amongst them and are therefore used for comparison purposes. These properties are beauty, colour, brilliance, fire and luster, durability and rarity.
The brilliance of a jewel is created by
cut. A diamond in it's natural state for instance is pretty unimpressive. Give it a proper design and use
diamonds natural refraction of light and it is beautiful. It is
cut that does this, however it is
qualities of
jewel which produce
brilliance once it has been cut. Brilliance can be measured by
amount of light which enters a jewel compared with
amount which comes back when put under a light source.
Fire refers to
ability of
stone to refract light back out in colours. The light rays break up into their original spectrum colours and that is what gives
jewel its special character.
Luster is
amount of light reflected back from
surface of
jewel.
Durability is
toughness,
resistance to scratching, chipping, or splitting. This is detemined by its hardness, and it is also
hardness which determines
brilliance.
Rarity is reasonably obvious. It is
availability of
jewel.