Part 1 – General OverviewWhat is stuttering?
Stuttering (or stammering) is a voice disfluency, a speech disorder. When a person stutters,
normal flow of speech is disrupted by repetitions and/or prolongations of voice sounds. Frequently, an individual is also unable to start a word.
Child stuttering, toddler stuttering and adult stuttering are themes being studied by many scientists and speech specialists all around
world. The Stuttering Foundation of America,
National Stuttering Association,
National Center for Stuttering and individual speech therapists in general are all investigating why people stutter and finding effective and fast speech therapies.
Nevertheless, even though scientists have several theories and suspect a variety of causes for stuttering,
precise mechanisms causing this disability (also called stammering) are not understood. Some believe that many forms have genetic origins.
A common form of stuttering is neurogenic. Neurogenic stuttering arise from signal problems between
brain and nerves or muscles. In neurogenic stuttering,
brain is unable to adequately coordinate
different components of speech mechanism.
The disruptions of speech may be accompanied by tremors of
lips and/or jaw, rapid eye blinks and other movements. This disorder commonly becomes more severe when speaking in front of a group of people or on
phone. On
other hand, speaking alone and singing might generally improve it or disappear completely.