Healthcare Legislation

Written by Sam Vaknin


Healthcare legislation in countries in transition, emerging economic, and developing countries should permit - and use economic incentives to encourage - a structural reform ofrepparttar sector, including its partial privatization.

Private health insurance plans - including franchises of overseas insurance plans - should be allowed, subject to rigorous procedures of inspection and to satisfying financial and governance requirements. Such competition is bound to shakerepparttar 114655 inefficient and corrupt state Health Fund and reshape it.

Procurement of medicines - should be transferred to an autonomous central purchasing agency. Both this body and its tenders will be supervised by a public committee aided by outside auditors.

The Approved List of Medicines - will be recomposed to include generic drugs whenever possible and to exclude expensive brands where generics exist. This should be a requirement inrepparttar 114656 law.

To maintain their license to practice medicine, medical stuff - from nurses to doctors - would be required to acquire continuing education and to publish in peer reviewed papers. To prevent nepotism and corruption in appointments of doctors to jobs in clinics and hospitals, all positions from ward doctor upwards will be subject to periodic review and open, public tenders.

The law should explicitly allow forrepparttar 114657 following arrangements withrepparttar 114658 private sector forrepparttar 114659 provision of healthcare:

Service Contract (Dominican Republic)

The government pays private entities - including doctors - to perform specific healthcare tasks, or to provide specific healthcare services under a contract. The private service providers can make use of state-owned facilities, if they wish - or operate from their own premises.

Payments byrepparttar 114660 government are usually based on capitation (a fixed fee for a list of services to be provided to a single patient in a given period, payable even ifrepparttar 114661 services were not consumed) adjusted forrepparttar 114662 patients' demographic data and reimbursement for fee-for-service items.

Management Contract (Cambodia)

The government pays private entities to manage and operate public health care facilities, like clinics, or hospitals.

Lease (Romania since 1994)

Private entities - including doctors - payrepparttar 114663 government a lump sum or monthly fees to use specific state-owned equipment, state-employed manpower, clinics, or complete public health care facilities.

The private entity is entitled to all revenues from its operations but also bears all commercial risks, is responsible for management and operations and liable for malpractice and accidents.

The state is still responsible to make capital investments inrepparttar 114664 leased facility or equipment - but maintenance costs are borne byrepparttar 114665 private entity.

Concession and Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) (Costa Rica)

Concession is exactly like a lease arrangement (see above) with one exception:repparttar 114666 private entity is responsible for capital investment. In return,repparttar 114667 contract period is extended and can be voided only with a considerable pre-advice.

In BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer) and ROT (Rehabilitate-Operate-Transfer)repparttar 114668 capital investment involvesrepparttar 114669 construction or renovation/upgrade of new healthcare facilities. The private entity usesrepparttar 114670 constructed facility to provide services. After a prescribed period of time has elapsed, ownership is transferred torepparttar 114671 government.

Divestiture and Build-Own-Operate (BOO) (Texas, USA)

The law should permitrepparttar 114672 outright sale of state- owned health care facilities to a qualified private entity.

Another possibility is a BOO scheme, in whichrepparttar 114673 private entity contractually undertakes to add facilities, improve services, purchase equipment, or all three.

Free entry

The law should allow qualified private providers to operate freely. Though regulated, these private firms will have no other relationship withrepparttar 114674 state.

Such entities would have to be licensed, certified, overseen, and accredited for expertise, safety, hygiene, maintenance, track record, liability insurance, and so on.

Japanese Hair Straightening

Written by Danna Schneider


By now, I'm sure you've heard ofrepparttar hair straightening process invented in Japan that has swept America and made countless women forever grateful to it's hair-transforming powers. It goes by several different names - Japanese Straightening, Thermal Reconditioning, Straight Perm, and Japanese Straight Perm. So, what exactly can you expect after a thermal reconditioning service? Well, it's actually nothing short of miraculous, if you chooserepparttar 114654 right product and stylist.

I had my treatment done at a Japanese salon in Ohio that specializes in this service. After about six hours of sitting inrepparttar 114655 salon, being alternately shampooed, heated under intense heat lamps, blown out, flat ironed, and then going throughrepparttar 114656 entire process again, I emerged from repparttar 114657 salon with a completely re-texturized, smooth and sleek head of hair. All together,repparttar 114658 straightening process cost about $750, including a VERY generous tip and a large bottle of shampoo and conditioner specially formulated for my new tresses. The hourly rate forrepparttar 114659 service was $80, which is actually below most others that charge about $100 an hour. I was under strict instructions to guard my hair from water or any type of moisture forrepparttar 114660 next 72 hours.

I was completely thrilled with my new hair. The light reflected off of it like crazy, and it blew naturally inrepparttar 114661 breeze, not at all dried out or artificial, like you might expect after a chemical treatment. It actually was inrepparttar 114662 best condition ever, which seemed counterintuitive since it had essentially just been through six hours of chemical and heat treatment. Nevertheless, it was absolutely and undeniably true.

I was told I would need to come back for a touch up onrepparttar 114663 new growth anywhere from 6 months to a year, depending on how straight I wanted it to stay andrepparttar 114664 rate of hair growth. It is now six months later, and even though it has more body, it is still shiny and smooth. I actually like it a little more with some body atrepparttar 114665 roots. It gives it a little extra lift, andrepparttar 114666 remaining hair is still straight and manageable.

There are some things you want to look out for when searching for a salon that offers thermal reconditioning. First, find out which Straightening product they use. The best Japanese Straightening System is Liscio, andrepparttar 114667 second is Yuko. Both are made in Japan. Any others are to be cautiously researched. Liscio has producedrepparttar 114668 best results on clients, and if you've read about it anywhere, there is nothing negative to be reported. This isrepparttar 114669 systemrepparttar 114670 salon I went to used, and my results were healthy and beautiful. Second, make surerepparttar 114671 technician performingrepparttar 114672 service has plenty of experience inrepparttar 114673 process. Any good salon will provide you with before and after pictures of their work. Third, be sure to be open and honest withrepparttar 114674 stylist about any prior hair-coloring or processing, so they can adjustrepparttar 114675 treatment accordingly forrepparttar 114676 best results. Don't fall in torepparttar 114677 trap of buying expensive shampoos and conditioners like I did (I spent about $85 on shampoo and conditioner). You can actually use several quality, gentle shampoos and intensive conditioners and getrepparttar 114678 same, if not better, results( http://www.cosmeticsgalore.com/best-haircare-products-reviews.html ).

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