Talking about Chinese Pinyin rules, let's start by looking at following different scenarios:

1. Tone Mark Placement

The tone mark is placed over vowel if there is only one vowel, e.g. wo, or on main vowel of a syllable where they are two or three vowels, e.g. hao.

1.1 Syllable with one vowel letter, tone mark is always placed over vowel letter. For examples:

笔 bǐ ( pen ) , 山 shān ( mountain )

车 chē ( car ), 信 xìn ( letter )

1.2 Syllables with two or three vowel letters: If first vowel letter is a medial , e.g. "i", "u", or " ü ", tone mark is placed over vowel letter after medial.

For example:

学 xué ( study ) , 贵 guì ( expensive)

小 xiao ( small ) , 略 lüè ( strategy)

1.3 If first vowel letter is not a medial, tone mark is always placed on first vowel letter.

For example:

靠 kào ( rely ) , 要 yào ( ask )

好 hǎo ( good ) , 北 běi ( north )

2. Syllables With an Initial

Write down initial and then final with no space between them.

For example:

客kè ( guest ) , 桌 zhuō ( desk ) 忙 máng ( busy ) , 飞 fēi ( fly )

Exceptions:

If and only if "uo" follows "b", "p", "m", or "f", "u" is dropped, resulting in "bo", "po", "mo", or "fo". If and only if "ü" follows "j", "q", "x", ü is changed to "u", resulting in "ju", "qu" and "xu"

You can stop your search now because there is no such thing as Chinese alphabet.

The English word "alphabet" comes from first two letters of Greek alphabet (alpha and beta) because it was Greeks who adopted this writing system from Middle East and spread it to rest of Europe.

Every alphabet system consists of a rather small number ( 20 - 50 ) of letters that represent sound values used in spoken language.