Continued from page 1
Business planning involves evaluating these ideas against
prevailing business realities, including
market,
resources required, and
resources available to you.
The plan also needs to include an estimate of outside assistance that you will need. It will explain your background, what you plan to do, as well as
resources requirements and how you would arrange these.
Another key component of your business plan would be
program for achieving profitability - how you will achieve required volumes,
prices you will be able to charge, and
costs you will incur.
An essential element of
business plan would be estimating cash flows. Initially, there would be cash outflows for establishing
business.
Once operations start, there would be cash inflows from sales. However, until
sales reach a certain level,
inflows would be insufficient to cover all
outflows. There would also be
problem of credit -
credit you receive could be less than
credit you have to extend to customers.
A cash flow statement showing inflows and outflows month by month, incorporating all
above factors, would show how much external financing you would need and when. The same statement would indicate when you would be able to repay
borrowings.
Plans alone would achieve nothing. It is organizing that creates
business. With
clear ideas provided by
plans, you go out into
world of government, investors, bankers, suppliers of equipment, merchandise and services, employees and customers. You would work with them to translate
plans into an operating business.
MONITORING AND CONTROL OF YOUR SMALL BUSINESS
You have
plans telling you how to achieve profits. Now you have to compare your actual performance against
plans:
- Are costs within allowable limits?
- Are sales growing at planned volumes and realizing estimated prices?
- Are credit sales being collected in time?
- Are unsold stocks accumulating?
- Is there any significant change in market conditions?
Inevitably, there will be variations between planned and actual results. Your task then becomes identifying
factors that caused
variance and taking
necessary actions to ensure profitable operations.
For example, if costs increase, you might have to increase your selling prices. If local demand declines, you would explore new markets.
Effective control is exercised not by bossing people around, but by setting standards, checking performance against those standards, and taking appropriate action in time.
CONCLUSION
Small business success is achieved by:
- Assessing yourself to improve your success traits
- Assessing
market for demand and competition
- Meeting customer expectations and publicizing this fact
- Making detailed plans and implementing these effectively
- Controlling performance through monitoring and timely action.

Gopi Nathan is a qualified management accountant who worked in finance positions before starting out on his own as a computer applications developer. He is the publisher and webmaster of [url]http://www.smallbusiness-start.com[/url] that discusses how to start a small business right.