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Some amount of all
antioxidant enzymes, which may protect spermatozoa from oxidative attack, are also made by
epididymis during storage.
The glutathione peroxidase/reductase enzymes play a central role in
defense against oxidative damage in human sperm.
Why is Glutathione important for Sperm Quality and Fertility?
A decrease in levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) during sperm production is known to disrupt
membrane integrity of spermatozoa due to increased oxidative stress.
Intracellular glutathione levels of spermatozoa are known to be decreased in certain populations of infertile men. Compared with a control group,
infertile men in all groups had significantly higher levels of ROS and lower levels of total antioxidants.
There is strong clinical evidence to show that men diagnosed with infertility have high levels of oxidative stress that may impair
quality of their sperm.
In some groups, higher levels of ROS were associated with lower sperm counts and defective sperm structure, while lower antioxidant levels correlated with reduced sperm movement.
Previous evidence has also shown that oxidative stress can decrease a sperm's life span, its motility, and its ability to penetrate
oocyst, or egg cell.
Up to 40% of men with unexplained male infertility have higher levels of free radical activity in their bodies.
Because men with high levels of ROS have a seven-fold lower likelihood of inducing a pregnancy than men with lower levels, researchers recommend that treatment for infertile men should include strategies to reduce oxidative stress and improve sperm quality.
How can Glutathione help in
Treatment of Infertility?
Glutathione is not only vital to sperm antioxidant defenses, but selenium and glutathione are essential to
formation of "phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase" - an enzyme present in spermatids - which becomes a structural protein in
mid-piece of mature spermatozoa.
When either substance is deficient, it can lead to instability of
mid-piece of
spermatozoa, resulting in defective motility.
Free radical scavengers - such as glutathione - that restore
structure and function of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in
cell membrane, can be used to treat these cases.
In a double-blind cross-over study of twenty infertile men, treatment with glutathione led to a statistically significant improvement of
sperm quality.
The study concerned men in whom
sperm quality was poor due to unilateral varicocele or germ-free genital tract inflammation - two conditions in which ROS or other toxic compounds are indicated as causative factors.
Treatment with glutathione was also found to have a statistically significantly positive effect on sperm motility (in particular forward motility) and on sperm morphology.
The findings of these studies indicate that glutathione therapy could represent a possible therapeutical tool in cases where ROS or exposure to toxins is
probable cause of infertility.
Read
complete report with references on Male Infertility and Glutathione http://www.1whey2health.com/glutathione_infertility_sperm.htm

Priya Shah is the Editor of "The Glutathione Report" For regular updates on the health benefits of glutathione subscribe here http://www.glutathione-report.com For a free report on Glutathione in Health and Disease visit http://www.1whey2health.com