Continued from page 1
Once both Calls are In-The-Money, our profit will always be limited by
difference between
strike prices of
2 Calls, minus
amount we paid at
start.
As a general rule, once
stock value goes above
lower Call (the $50 Call in this example), we start to earn profit. And when it goes above
higher Call (the $55 Call in this example), we reach our maximum profit.
So why would we want to perform this Spread?
If we had just done a simple Call option, we would have had to spend
$1 required to buy
$50 Call. In this spread trading exercise, we only had to spend $0.75, hence
- limited risk - expression. So you are risking less, but you will also profit less, since any price movement beyond
higher Call will not earn you any more profit. Hence this strategy is suitable for moderately bullish stocks.
HORIZONTAL SPREADS
We now look a Horizontal Spreads. Horizontal Spreads, otherwise known as Time Spreads or Calendar Spreads, are spreads where
strike prices of
2 options stay
same, but
expiration dates differ.
To recap: Options have a Time Value associated with them. Generally, as time progresses, an option's premium loses value. In addition,
closer you get to expiration date,
faster
value drops.
This spread takes advantage of this premium decay.
Let's look at an example. Let's say we are now in
middle of June. We decide to perform a Horizontal Spread on a stock. For a particular strike price, let's say
August option has a premium of $4, and
September option has a premium of $4.50.
To initiate a Horizontal Spread, we would Sell
nearer option (in this case August), and buy
further option (in this case September). So we earn $4.00 from
sale and spend $4.50 on
purchase, netting us a $0.50 cost.
Let's fast-forward to
middle of August. The August option is fast approaching its expiration date, and
premium has dropped drastically, say down to $1.50. However,
September option still has another month's room, and
premium is still holding steady at $3.00.
At this point, we would close
spread position. We buy back
August option for $1.50, and sell
September option for $3.00. That gives us a profit of $1.50. When we deduct our initial cost of $0.50, we are left with a profit of $1.00.
That is basically how a Horizontal Spread works. The same technique can be used for Puts as well.
For more information on spread trading, visit:
http://www.option-trading-guide.com/spreads.html

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