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3. The Vowel Changers: When
letter Y or
letter W is at
end of a word, it acts like a vowel letter.
4. The Flighty Y Rule: When a word ends Consonant and a Y (C+Y) and you ad an ending there must be an I in
word. Either
Y changes to I (C+Y+___ = C+I+___) or
ending has an I and it becomes (C+Y+I = C+Y+I).
5. Plural Rules: To make a regular word plural, add a “S” If
word ends in
letter S, Z, X, SH, or CH, or a “C+Y” add an “ES”
6. The Disappearing E Rule: When a word ends with a W, and you ad
ending EN, drop
E.
7. The Appearing AL Rule: When a word ends with “IC” and you at
ending “LY” it must become “ICALLY”
8. Double
Fun Rule: When
ending of a word is a short base CVC rule, follow
CVC doubling rule.
9. The ION Rule: When a word ends in ION, another form of
word may end in OR.
10. The Exception Rule: Every rule has an exception, so, don’t be surprised if you find a word that doesn’t follow these rules. . . but most of them do!

Sacha Luria-Smith has been recognized for her teaching success on National Public Radio and Disney radio. She has also taught middle school in Oakland, CA. She is the author ofthe website http://www.home-school-reading.com.