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Lithography a printing technology that dates back to 1798 when Alois Senenfelder developed a method of imaging limestone from which a print was produced. Based on
principle that oil and water do not mix, an aluminum or plastic plate is coated with a photopolymer film that is exposed to light through a photographic mask. The exposed areas are chemically "hardened," and
unexposed areas are dissolved when
plate is put through a chemical process, which is
next stage. When printing a page,
plate is dampened, and
water adheres only to
unexposed, non-image areas, which repell
greasy ink that is applied to
plate immediately thereafter.
Screen-printing (also known as "silk-screening" or "serigraphy") creates bold color using a stencil technique. The artist draws an image on a piece of paper or plastic film can also be used.) The image is cut out creating a stencil. (Keep in mind
pieces that are cut away are
areas that will be colored.) A screen is made of a piece of fabric (originally silk) stretched over a wood frame. The stencil is affixed to
screen. The screen is then placed on top of a piece of dry paper or fabric. Ink is then placed across
top length of
screen. A squeegee (rubber blade) is used to spread
ink across
screen, over
stencil, and onto
paper/fabric. The screen is lifted and
image is now transferred onto
paper/fabric. Each color requires a separate stencil. The screen can be re-used after cleaning.
See how difficult it is to produce a printing material. However, nowadays with
continuous innovation for
printing technology, printing is just a click away. But
process itself is a complex procedure to follow. You need expertise and knowledge in
field. So it’s very important to appreciate and give value to
printing materials we have because life and death is at risk before it began.
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