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Anti-oncogene products: specific portions of D.N.A., called oncogenes, that have an important role in promoting cancer growth. Drugs that interfere with
production of oncogenes may be useful for
future treatment of cancer.
Gene therapy: research into
use of tumour suppressant genes is highlighted in
British National Cancer Plan as an important element. Essentially, bits of DNA are inserted to replace missing or damaged genes, possibly preventing
development of cancer in someone who might be 'high risk'.
Vaccines: very quietly
search for a general cure for cancer is being put aside in preference to finding a vaccine. The whole idea of a cure or treatment that is 'the same for everybody' breaks down in
case of
specific, chaotic conditions that cause cancer in an individual person. After billions spent on research for
holy grail of a cancer cure,
search is now on to find a vaccine.
At a recent cancer immunology conference in
US top immunologists from 21 nations attended lectures on
latest immunology topics such as: · cancer immunosurveillance · immunoediting · cancer antigen discovery · monitoring and analysing
immunological response to human cancer · cancer vaccine development
The Cancer Vaccine Collaborative (CVC) was launched to much excitement. It is a unique research program that should improve how cancer vaccines are developed, based on a collaboration of six New York medical centres and one in Minnesota. The aim of their research is to find out how to effectively immunise against cancer using a vaccine, using 'action research'.
Vaccines made from donor blood are proving to work for some cancers. Experiments with bone marrow transplants show there are about 40,000 different tissue types making it hard to find a match. Usually a perfect match can only be found within
patient's direct family. Incorrect matches can create a host of secondary dis-eases. Scientist are finding ways to train Killer T cells taken either from
host or a donor, to more effectively attack cancer cells. They have noticed that donor Killer T cells that are already 'primed' for a particular cancer (e.g.
donor body cells 'remember'
disease) can be highly effective. It may take many years to prove validity, reliability, safety and efficacy for this treatment. Harvesting
natural immunity of our own, or donor cells with
aid of genetic engineering may well become a big player against modern immune attacking dis-eases.
Increased screening: this type of research looks at genetically identifying individuals who might be at high risk of certain types of cancer and is partly a preparation for possible vaccines. Genetic counselling is set to become a 21st century contributor to health care based on prevention of disease as much as cure.
Combinations: research from West Germany (Grossart-Maticek) argues that there is no single cause for cancer, similar to
pattern in most chronic illness. It shows there are environmental, psychological and spiritual dimensions to disease. The implication is that treatment should be on
same levels, and that no single treatment is likely to be effective because there is no single cause. This observation links with
position of many Holistic practitioners who often have a wider view of health than orthodox medical practitioners.
Dr. Robert Buckman is an experienced cancer researcher, and author of
informative book: 'What You Really Need to Know About Cancer'. He summarises what he sees as
present position of scientific cancer research:
"We now have a very large number of ways of looking at cancer cells in
laboratory. We have thousands of different types of cancer cells growing in dishes, many of which can be grown and then cured in laboratory bred mice. We also have thousands of different ways of looking at and testing those cells. We can look at
cells' growth, their abilities to produce different substances, their sensitivity to some chemotherapy drugs and their resistance to others,
way they respond to growth factors, their genetic material including oncogenes and substances controlled by oncogenes, their ability to effect other cells (of
immune system, for example), their ability to damage membranes and invade, their structure under
electron microscope and whether or not
cell surface has any of hundreds of different marker molecules on it. These are just a few examples of what can be done nowadays:
complete list of ways in which cancer cells can be tested would probably be longer than this entire book. But here is
snag: although this accumulation of experience is wonderful and commendable, cancer in human beings is far more complicated then any laboratory system can ever be (at least in
light of current knowledge)".

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