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So, how does it work? Most businesses start off making losses, and small businesses and home-based businesses are not exempt from this. The total revenue or income is usually low. It is often below
thresholds where
business has to register for GST or VAT, so that
business owner may be tempted to not register for GST or VAT, thereby saving on administration (in filing
returns) or accounting costs.
If
business owner contacts their local taxation authority, they will be correctly advised of
income thresholds for registration and
decision will be left to them to make. It would not be appropriate for a taxation officer to advise
business owner on how to manage their taxation affairs, and there is a case of
Privy Council (UK) that confirms
Inland Revenue cannot tell a business owner how to run their business. It is certainly not obligatory on
taxation authority to advise a business owner on a course of action that would contravene their charter of “protecting
revenue” of
State.
This is why a business owner should seek
advice of a suitably qualified accountant who is experienced in taxation and business advice. A proactive accountant is more likely to provide this advice than a compliance accountant. The compliance accountant’s role is more likely to involve complying with tax laws, rather than optimising tax situations. The compliance accountant’s mind is so attuned to complying with tax laws that they often do not see
opportunities for optimising a client’s tax position. Once
business owner has been convinced that it is in their interests to register for GST or VAT,
next question is for what filing period to opt? The more regular a filing period,
sooner
GST or VAT refunds will improve
business cash flow. So they may decide to opt for monthly or two-monthly GST or VAT returns. There will be an administration or accounting cost that needs to be weighed against
benefit of a quicker cash flow.
The income tax refund is an annual event that cannot be changed, except for where
business owner is leaving
country before
end of
tax year and applies to have a tax return processed sooner. There will be extra forms to complete and information to provide, and it usually means that
business is closing down. Even that income tax return should be lodged as early as possible after
tax year ends, rather than being left to be filed with other taxpaying business owners, so
income tax refund is received soon rather than later.

Christopher Raynal is the Director of Master Accountants Group Limited, a tax and management consultancy based in Auckland, New Zealand. The practice specializes in rental properties, wrap mortgages, small business development and asset protection structures. The website can be accessed at www.masteraccountants.co.nz for further articles of interest.