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Dietary indiscretions will be a major factor in maintaining any illness, however it may not be
main issue. If we use ulcers as an example: too only modify
diet would be to treat only half (or less) of
problem. This would not be getting at
cause which may be dissatisfaction with their job or relationship, or just an inability to cope with life as they see it.
To pursue
example of ulcers a little further; we know that they are usually caused by stress. We also know that people under stress are likely to drink alcohol and coffee to try and cope with their stress. Foods that are sugary, fatty and salty are also tasty and satisfying and make a great "pick me up" when we are down or depressed. These foods are popular with ulcer sufferers. So, stress has contributed to
ulcer and has also been a major reason for our choice of inappropriate foods. This poor diet will contribute greatly to increased stress levels because of
"highs and lows" created by
drug-like effect of sugar, coffee and alcohol.
The Behavioral Effects of Stress
These are observable in
way we act or behave. For this it is necessary to observe what happens on a physiological level, and understand how stressful events and emotions affect us physically. We accept that
more toxic elements of our diet have a depressing effect on us. However, it appears that
emotional strains are even more debilitating.
Anything which comprises our immune system is a serious threat to our health. From a purely physical point of view our body reacts
same way, no matter what
stress is. Be it an argument with your employer of flight from a wild animal;
physical response will be basically
same; only
degree of response will vary according to
intensity of
stress. The advantages of
latter example is that you are either going to be eaten by that wild animal or you will escape.
Either way
stress will be resolved. It is often not possible to resolve stresses in our modern and complex framework of social interaction. Intense emotions may have to be buried with no opportunity for immediate or short term resolve. These feelings of anger, futility, resentment and hurt are left to eat away at our very core.
Physical and emotional threats to our well-being are registered by
Hypothalamus in
brain. The Hypothalamus is a major control centre of
brain and initiates reactions via
Autonomic Nervous System. This system is not directly under our conscious control and can act in many ways. It can restrict blood flow or digestive secretions and inhibit
genitalia. It may act to dilate
blood vessels serving muscles involved in
"fight or flight" response. Nerves to
face can dilate pupils and tense facial muscles.
Something as simple as an embarrassing word can send blood rushing to our face. An angry word at work may send blood rushing to our arms and muscles to prompt other physical changes. It is important to acknowledge that all stresses are not bad. Some stress is necessary and is a great motivator. Indeed stress reactions are very necessary for our survival. They are our body's way of preparing for and dealing with crises. This is both necessary and healthy.
What is not healthy is excessive or chronic (ongoing, long term) stress. When we are chronically stressed all of these physical reactions remain active. Everything is thrown out of balance. It is hardly conducive to
digestion if, through a stress reaction, your blood has been directed away from
digestive area and gastric secretion has been inhibited.
Two examples of this would be arguing at
dinner table or maintaining intense mental activity at work whilst eating lunch. The Pituitary Gland is actually an anatomical extension of
Hypothalamus; so close is
connection between
brain and
endocrine glands. The pituitary sends our many hormones which act directly on
tissues of
body and on other endocrine glands which put out even more hormones. Pituitary hormones stimulate
thyroid which produces hormones to raise
metabolic rate during times of stress. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone, or ACTH is produced by
pituitary and carried by
blood to
adrenals.
Therefore,
brain's response to various stresses can increase
secretion of glucocoriticoide from
adrenal cortex to bring about adaptive metabolic responses in order to increase bodily resistance and survival. In conclusion, it is important to realise that however well you appear to cope with everyday life, you will experience stress to some degree.
Moderate amounts are good for you, and can improve your performance, your efficiency and productivity. But too much may generate disabling emotions such as overwhelming anxiety and tension, difficulty in thinking clearly, and a wide range of behavioural responses.
