(a) The occasional possession of man by Jinn may be due to sensual desires on part of Jinn, passions or even love, just as it may be among humans.

(b) Majority of possessions are result of hatred and revenge of Jinn, because of some wrong done to him. For example, when humans accidentally harm or hurt Jinn by urinating on them, by pouring hot water on them, or by killing some of them, Jinn think that they have been harmed intentionally. Though humans may not realize what they have done, Jinn are by nature ignorant, very harsh and unstable in their behavior, so they may revengefully punish humans much more than they actually deserve.

(c) Possession sometimes also occurs as a result of plain evil on part of Jinn, just as evil and mischief occurs among humans for similar reasons. [See Majmoo al-Fatawa vol: 19, p. 39] "Jinn mostly gain control over those who have little religious inclination and those whose hearts and tongues faith has deserted. Those whose souls are desolate of remembrance of Allah and of formulas of strengthening faith." EXORCISM to Free a human from Jinn-Possession To exorcize Jinn is obligatory according to principles of repelling oppression, aiding oppressed, enjoining righteousness and forbidding evil, just as it is with human. [Shaikh Abdul Aziz Ibn Abdillah al-Baaz, al-Mujtama' Magazine, no. 830, 18/8/87, p. 39-41] A question was posed to Ibn Taymiyah (rahimahullah) regarding subject, he expressed same view and added: "… In (exorcism) there is also alleviation of grief and suffering of oppressed. Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam) is reported by Abu Hurayrah in Saheeh Muslim (vol: 4, no: 6250) to have said: "Whoever relieves a believer of one of tragedies of life, Allah will relieve him of one of calamities of Day of Resurrection…" Jaabir (radhiallahu anhu) also reported in Saheeh Muslim (vol: 3, no: 5456) that when Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam) was asked about incantation, he replied: "Whoever among you is able to help his brother, he should do so." However, help should be justly rendered according to methods prescribed by Allah and His Messenger (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam). For example, Islamically based prayers, words and phrases should only be used in way they were used by Prophet (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam) and his Companions. When commanding Jinn to righteousness and prohibiting it from evil, it should be done in same way that man is ordered and forbidden. Whatever is allowable in case of humans is also allowable in case of Jinn." [As-Shiblee's Ahkaam al-Jaann, chapter. 53, p.147-8] Pre-requisites of Exorcist: Treatment of fits due to Jinn possession requires two essential factors from possessed and healer. (a) Turning truthfully to Allah alone and having full conviction that remembrance of Allah and Qur'aanic recitation will effect person and Jinn. The stronger faith, stronger will be effect. (b) Using correct means to drive Jinn away, as taught by Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam). For, surely this type of treatment is, in fact, war against Shaytaan and warrior will not be able to defeat his enemy unless he fulfills two conditions; that his weapon is sound and sharp, and that his arm is strong. Whenever either of these two conditions is not met, a long sword will be of no value! [See Zaad al-Maa'ad p. 67-69] "Such a person (who exorcizes Jinn) is a soldier of Allah, and since exorcism is among greatest forms of Jihad, he should beware not to help his enemy overcome him by his own sins. If circumstance is beyond his capacity, he should remember that Allah does not burden a soul beyond its capacity. He should not expose himself to tribulation by taking on what he is unable to handle." [Ibn Taymiyyah, Majmoo al-Fatawa] Methodology: The following are some ways of exorcism, which have been deduced from practice of Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam) and Sahabah (radhiallahu anhum), any of them may be used to drive Shaytaan away: (a) If possession is due to magic, then most effective way is to find and undo charm used in bewitchment. (b) Address Jinn and inform him that their acts are either abominable or tyrannical. (c) Cursing Jinn (d) Reciting certain Qur'aanic verses or prayers taught by Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam), like Ayat al-Kursee (Soorah al-Baqarah (2): 255), Basmalah (verbal saying of: 'Bismillah ar-Rahmaan ar-Raheem'), Ta'awwuth (saying "I seek refuge in Allah from accursed Shaytaan), making Adhaan or Iqaamah, etc. (e) Beating: If above-mentioned steps fail to bring desired results, then exorcist may strike possessed individual in order to inflict pain on possessing spirit. These blows fall upon Jinn and possessed human does not feel them

When spiritualist contacts a Jinni, Jinni takes advantage of his ability to acquire different forms and adopts appearance of dead and pretends to be returned souls. This is one of ways by which Shaytaan attempts to deceive humans and lead them astray. For example, on Day of Battle of Badr, a devil came to polytheist of Quraysh in shape of Suraqah bin Malik. This incident is also related in Qur'aan in Soorah al-Anfal (8): 48: "(Remember) when Shaytaan (evil Jinn are called Shaytaan meaning 'devils') made their (evil) deeds seem fair to them and said: 'No one of mankind can overcome you this Day (of battle of Badr) and verily, I am your neighbor (for each and every help).' But when two forces came in sight of each other, he ran away and said: 'Verily, I have nothing to do with you. Verily! I see what you see not. Verily, I fear Allah for Allah is severe in punishment."

Another incident is related in Saheeh al-Bukharee; a Jinni came to Abu Hurayrah (radhiallahu anhu) several times, when he was in charge of alms in Ramadan. Abu Hurayrah (radhiallahu anhu) narrates: "Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam) ordered me to keep Sadaqah (al-Fitr) of Ramadan. A man came and started taking handfuls of foodstuff (of Sadaqah, stealthily). I took hold of him and said: "By Allah, I will take you to Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam)." He said: "I am needy and have many dependents, and I am in great need." I released him, and in morning Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam) asked me: "What did your prisoner do yesterday?" I said: "O Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam)! The person complained of being needy and of having many dependents, so, I pitied him and let him go." Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam) said: "Indeed, he told you a lie and he will come again." Then visitor came again and same episode repeated twice, after which Allah's Messenger asked: "O Abu Hurayrah! … Do you know whom you were talking to, these three nights?" Abu Hurayrah said: "No!" He (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam) said: "It was Shaytaan." [Saheeh al-Bukharee 3/ 505]

Similarly, Shaytaan makes use of this extraordinary ability of taking appearance of dead people, and performs supernatural feats at graves and tombs. People witness these unusual events and increase in veneration of dead. Eventually, these unusual events cause people to have faith and hope in powers of dead and they call upon engraved to fulfill their needs instead of Allah and thus commit Shirk...and this is exactly what Shaytaan (Kafir Jinn) intends.

Shaikh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (rahimahullah) said: "To take graves as idols is first step towards polytheism; it is why some visitors to graves hear voices near graves, see certain visions before them, witness strange forces in operation which are taken for a miracle of some righteous deceased people whereas sometimes they are Jinn and Shaytaan. For instance, they observe a grave being cleft and deceased comes out of it, talks with people and embraces them. Such a thing you will witness near graves of Divine Apostles and other people, whereas in reality it is Shaytaan. Indeed, Shaytaan assumes form of a human being and says: 'I am so and so Prophet.' 'I am so and so Shaikh'; and he tells a lie… The ignorant person believes that one who came out of grave, who caressed him or conversed with him, was inmate of grave, or was a righteous person or a Divine person. In contrast to it, a perfect believer knows without any shadow of doubt that he is Shaytaan." [Kitab al-Wasilah (English Translation) pp. 42] The Qareen: Every human has been assigned a Jinni to be his constant companion. He is called 'Qareen' and he encourages evil desires. The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam) once told his companions: "Everyone of you has been assigned a companion from Jinn." They asked: "Even you, O Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihe wa-sallam)!" He replied: "Even me, except that Allah has helped me against him and he has submitted. Now he only tells me to do good." [Saheeh Muslim]

It is this Qareen, who is responsible for knowing character and deeds of dead. For example, during séances (apparently) a Jinni often pretends to contact dead and allows them to speak to living. In fact, Jinn had contacted Qareen of dead. The Qareen, who was a constant companion of dead person and knew his entire life history, will be able to mimic voice of deceased and answer any questions accurately (about dead person's life), thus fooling those present into believing that they are in presence of spirits.

In Conclusion, souls of dead cannot and do not come back to earth, they cannot appear to or converse with living inhabitants of Earth. Causing people to believe in return of souls is one of means adopted by Shaytaan to misguide mankind. By pretending to be returned souls of dead along with performance of extraordinary feats, they deceive people into believing in powers of dead. This has become a religious science of its own having no basis in Qur'aan or Sunnah. Ultimately, it leads to worship of souls of dead and in reality worship of Shaytaan himself. [See Majmoo al-Fatawa v.1/p.359-61]