Papilloma - Appearing primarily in throat or vent areas, papilloma is caused by a virus infection similar to warts. It grows large enough to block vent, making it difficult or even impossible for host to defecate. Parrots diagnosed of Papilloma can be cured after successful laser surgery.

Psittacosis - Psittacosis is another most dreaded bacterial infection that commonly occurs in cockatiels and is transmitted via feather dust and dried feces.

E-coli - This bacterium is not so lethal if it is acknowledged and treated at initial stages. In fact, when cockatiels are diagnosed of having Ecoli their droppings usually have appearance of diarrhea, giving out strong odor.

Gout - Calcification of kidneys among parrots is common especially among babies who are aged 4-8 weeks. In such cases, victims rarely survive. Initially they show regurgitating and slight dehydration after feedings. In addition, babies who appear slightly smaller than their regular sizes, with protruding neck bone have largest possibility of incurring Gout.

Runny Nose or Nasal Discharge - The most common of all nasal discharge is laxity of Vitamin-A in cockatiels. This deficiency can be corrected by increasing food quantities that are rich in vitamins and mineral contents especially.

Author : Medha Roy

Date Posted : 08 - Feb - 2005

Website : http://www.pet-parrots.com

If your Boxer has tapeworms, he has fleas too because part of tapeworm life cycle occurs in flea as host. As such, treatments against flea and tapeworm are normally prescribed together.

Some, like roundworm, that infect dogs can also get passed on to children.

In more serious cases, your dog will catch cough, pneumonia and develop lung problems.

There are different types of worms that infect dogs such as tapeworm, roundworm, ringworm and heartworm. De-worm your Boxer puppy every month and your grown Boxer, every 6 months.

Puppies get sick from worms, more so than dogs.

But your infected grown Boxers help spread worms more through their droppings that would contain large number of larvae and/or eggs.

Released into surrounding, these larvae and eggs could infect other animals and even children.

The tapeworms have a flat, segmented body.

You see them as single segments or chains that resemble segments of rice in droppings of infected canine.

Part of tapeworm´s life cycle occurs in flea as host. Therefore, if your Boxer has tapeworms, it has fleas too and treatments for both are usually prescribed together by vet.

The roundworms (toxocara) live and produce hundreds of eggs in intestine.

They cause digestive upset in puppies, poor growth, and thin or out-of-conditioned coat.

The infected puppies may become listless, have a potbelly or tucked in appearance.

Once roundworms migrated from gut to lungs, your Boxer can suffer lung damage, cough and pneumonia.

The roundworm eggs in dog droppings get passed out and about.

These are very hardy eggs, resistant to heat and cold, and can survive up to 7 years in soil. The eggs can pass on to children through ingestion and cause them to fall sick as well.

As precautions, you can toilet train your Boxer puppy to use a place where you can easily clean up and dispose of droppings into sewer. Have your children wash their hands every time after they handle puppies and discourage your puppies from licking people hands or faces.

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