As peak height is related with carrier-gas rate, wide peaks eluted later will be much sharper. This allows a better identification of low concentrations (increase in analysis accuracy);

Attainment of symmetrical peaks also in case of nonlinear adsorption isotherm, as rear of band is at a higher pressure than front;

The substantial enrichment, increase in concentration of component in center of band is conditioned by compression of band both as a consequence of moving pressure gradient compared with initial sorption pressure, and as a consequence of presence of moving gradient of optimal linear speed accompanying band of components being analyzed from inlet to outlet of chromatographic column during while analysis cycle (increase in efficiency of separation of components);

The pressure of gas in column can be changed almost instantaneously and equilibrium can be attained in a very short time. Pressure re-regulation excludes necessity of long "periods of cooling" of column (express - analysis, economy of electricity), while temperature increase programming may either cause evaporation of stationary phase, which "flies out" of column, or destroy it chemically to various molecules, which also will soon come out by carrier-gas. The repetitive cycles of heating and cooling may cause compression of solid support particles during expansion, followed by destruction (crumbling) during compression, which leads to a progressive change of permeability. The maximum possible effectivity of chromatographic column - Hayrapetyan's Effect

The maximum possible effectivity of chromatographic column - Hayrapetyan's E ff e c t

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where - beginning of chromatographic column, and - end of chromatographic column.

Let at moment pressure at inlet and outlet of chromatographic column be correspondingly

Then at moments of time on corresponding sections

of chromatographic column, pressure will be

It may be noticed that

as well as

in this case

а

We build a matrix of pressures in following way: let each line in it correspond to pressures of column at points

at a pressure at inlet and at outlet of column at a moment while each column corresponds to pressures at a point at moments of time

Thus matrix has following form

The first column of matrix corresponds to pressure at inlet of column, while last one to outlet. They are chosen such that in column zone where sample is found at a definite moment of time, there will always exist a constant pressure corresponding to an optimal flow rate. The first column corresponds to moment of sample introduction, and last one to elution of separated components from column. Each element of matrix corresponds to a definite flow rate at a definite moment of time. To each element of matrix there corresponds a definite flow rate and followingly its equation from multiple (3). The matrix elements corresponding to passage of sample with an optimal speed through corresponding points of column at definite moments of time are marked in yellow. For these it may be written

The carrier-gas pressure is programmed in such a way that it constantly secures an optimal linear speed for an imaginary point - zone of sample which travels with carrier-gas from inlet to outlet of chromatographic column in time, keeping ∆ p constant at its ends during whole cycle of analysis. This arithmetical model (of Hayrapetyan - Aghababyan) of chromatographic analysis built on basis of equation of Van Deemter describes in detail mentioned technological process of analysis organization and corresponds to that equation from multiple (3) which provides optimal conditions of analysis and leads to attainment of maximum possible efficiency of column (Hayrapetyan's Effect). In other words pressure at inlet and outlet of chromatographic column is programmed such, that carrier-gas flow rate in column is optimal in each section at needed moments of time. Thus, separation of sample is characterized by equations from multiple (3)

and they are all equivalent to equation

(4)

And thus maximum possible efficiency of chromatographic column is attained (Hayrapetyan's Effect).

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