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Surgery is common procedure to remove cancer. The side effects depend of many factors, including size and location of tumor, type of operation, and patient's general health. Some patients worry that having a biopsy will spread disease. This a very rare occurrence since surgeons take special precautions to prevent cancer from spreading during surgery.
Radiation therapy (also called radiotherapy) uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells in a targeted area. Radiation can be given externally by a machine which aims radiation at tumor site. It can also be given internally; a small container containing a radioactive substance is implanted near cancer. Radiation treatments are painless, side effects are usually temporary, and most can be easily treated and controlled. Patients are also likely to feel very tired--particularly in later weeks of treatment.
Chemotherapy is use of drugs to kill cancer cells throughout body. The doctor may use one drug or a combination of drugs. Because drugs travel through body, healthy cells are also affected. The side effects of chemotherapy depend primarily on drugs and dosage patient receives. Hair loss is a common side effect. Anti-cancer drugs may also cause fatigue, infections, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and mouth or lip sores. Drugs that prevent or reduce nausea and vomiting can help with most of these side effects, which gradually go away after treatment ends.
Hormone therapy is used to treat certain cancers that depend on hormones for their growth. Hormone therapy keeps cancer cells from using hormone they need to grow. Another type of hormone therapy is surgery to remove organs that produce hormones. For example, ovaries may be removed to treat breast cancer or testicles may be removed to treat prostate cancer.
Biological therapy stimulates body's immune system to fight disease and can lessen some of side effects of cancer treatment. Interferon, interleukin-2, and colony stimulating factors are some types of biological therapy. The side effects vary with specific treatment. In general, these treatments tend to cause flu-like symptoms, such as chills, fever, muscle aches, weakness, loss of appetite, nausea and diarrhea. These problems can be severe, but rapidly go away when treatment stops.
Thanks to rapidly improving health care treatments and medical breakthroughs, a diagnosis of cancer no longer means an automatic death sentence. Millions of people, world-wide have beaten this insidious disease and have gone on to live long and productive lives. YOU CAN TO!
Larry Denton is a retired history teacher having taught 33 years at Hobson High in Hobson, Montana. He is currently V.P. of Elfin Enterprises, Inc., an Internet business providing valuable information on a variety of timely topics. For a doctor's office full of information, resources and advice about cancer treatments, visit http://www.CancerDesk.com