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On April 24, 1953, Senator Morse began to filibuster against Tidelands Oil legislation. He kept
floor for 22 hours and 26 minutes, breaking
filibuster record of 18 hours held by his mentor, Wisconsin Senator Robert La Follette.
Senator Morse is remembered through numerous colorful stories. For example, Clare Booth Luce, former U.S. Senator and Ambassador to Italy had to resign her appointment when she made
insulting but funny remark that her problems with Senator Morse began when he was kicked in
head by a horse.
Senator Strom Thurmond
About 9 p.m. on August 28, 1957, Senator Strom Thurmond rose before
Senate and announced, "Mr. President, I rise to speak against
so-called voting rights bill, H.R. 6127." His own staff had not been informed about Senator Thurmond's intentions to filibuster
bill, but they knew something was up when they saw Thurmond gathering considerable reading material.
Senator Thurmond had prepared himself for a long filibuster on
Senate floor. Earlier in
day he had spent time in
Senate steam room, dehydrating himself so that he would absorb all
water he drank without having to visit
restroom. His wife packed a steak sandwich lunch for him and she stayed in
family gallery throughout
night. Thurmond brought a quantity of malted milk tablets and throat lozenges from his office.
Senator Thurmond began his filibuster by reading each state's election statutes. He later read and discussed an opinion by Chief Justice Taft. He also read and discussed
Declaration of Independence,
Bill of Rights, and Washington's Farewell Address. His staff, concerned for Senator Thurmond's health, was finally successful in getting him to leave
floor.
After 24 hours and 18 minutes, a record that still stands, Senator Thurmond concluded his remarks with, "I expect to vote against
bill." The bill was defeated.
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
On June 10, 1964, Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia finished his address begun on
previous day, slightly more than 14 hours earlier. He filibustered against
Civil Rights Act of 1964, an act which was debated by Byrd and others for 57 working days, including 6 Saturdays.
Senate President Hubert Humphrey from Minnesota needed 67 votes to be able to carry
motion for cloture. Minority Leader Senator Everett Dirksen,
always eloquent senator from Illinois procured
Republican votes necessary to pass
cloture motion. "Stronger than all
armies is an idea whose time has come," he said. "The time has come for equality of opportunity in sharing in government, in education, and in employment. It will not be stayed or denied. It is here!"
The final roll call vote on cloture resulted in 71 votes in favor and 29 votes opposed. It was
first time in history that cloture had been invoked on civil rights legislation. The 1964 Civil Rights Act was
most sweeping of its kind in our history.
Justice Abe Fortas
In June of 1968 Chief Justice Earl Warren notified President Lyndon Johnson that he would be retiring from
Supreme Court. This move gave President Johnson time to nominate a successor since he was not planning to seek re-election as President. Johnson nominated Associate Justice Abe Fortas to replace Warren. At
same time Johnson nominated Texas Appeals Court Justice Homer Thornberry to replace Fortas, a move that was designed to satisfy southern senators.
President Johnson counted on Senators Everett Dirksen and Richard Russell for their support of
nomination. When Abe Fortas testified at his own confirmation hearing, an unprecedented occurrence, it was revealed that Fortas worked uncomfortably closely with
White House staff and
President. Later it was learned that Fortas was being paid a large sum, privately, to teach an American University summer course. At this point Dirksen, Russell, and other senators withdrew their support.
Though
committee recommended confirmation of Justice Abe Fortas, a filibuster ensued on
Senate floor to block his confirmation,
first filibuster in Senate history on a Supreme Court nomination. On October 1, 1968,
Senate was unable to tally
67 votes needed to invoke cloture and President Johnson withdrew
nomination.
The use of
filibuster has increased from 16 filibusters in
19th century to 66 in
first half of
20th century to 195 in
period from 1970 to 1995. It is likely that
filibuster will continue to play an important role in
American political process.

Garry Gamber is a public school teacher. He writes articles about politics, real estate, health and nutrition, and internet dating services. He is a founding member of http://www.GoodPoliticsRadio.com and the owner of http://www.TheDatingAdvisor.com