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After a while, in his eagerness for reward, he will take a step or two to right when tapping begins. Then caress him and treat him very kindly for that act. Soon, idea will be conveyed that when tapped on shoulder horse will know to turn in that direction.
Remember to train both sides of horse.
Once both sides are trained now an open bridle can be put on. Use short lines that come back as far as his tail only - but they are used only if he becomes unruly or to convey your idea to him.
The handler's whip should not be over five feet long at this stage and handler should stand directly behind horse. (Beware of kickers) Let whip extend to about middle of his mane.
The signal you wish for him to stop for is raising whip and holding it in a perpendicular position. Associate meaning of this movement, and position, just as whip is raised so horse can see it. Pull hard on reins and say "Whoa" - all at same time. After a few repetitions horse will know what to do. (Assuming you have thoroughly educated your horse to whoa)
The first few times he stops without a pull of reins step forward and reward him immediately. Much of success of teaching this trick depends upon how you give rewards. If reward is given in a manner so that horse can fully comprehend it was complying with handler's wish, it will greatly enhance fixing this impression on horse's brain.
But if not given in right manner, reward will be worse than none at all.
In same manner, horse is taught to turn left and right. This is done by giving horse a pretty smart tap on lower part of shoulder and immediately place point of whip three or four feet in that direction. Should he attempt to jump and go ahead too much, you can hold him in check with action and signal to stop him.
Andy Curry is a nationally known horse trainer and author of several best selling horse training and horse care books. For information visit his website at www.horsetrainingandtips.com. He is also the leading expert on Jesse Beery's horse training methods which can be seen at www.horsetrainingandtips.com/Jesse_Beerya.